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from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia the term "everything of expirations on the basis that covers critical path method. [ a network plan is ] graphic or tabular representation of expirations and dependence "(DIN 69900-1. The critical path method applies its in particular in that. A goal of the netzplanung is the planning of the logical relations between the procedures and the temporal situation of the procedures places the basis for the production of communication instruments, like z. The employment of the critical path method is to answer four important questions: How long the whole project will last. Which risks arise with it. Which critical activities can retard the entire project, if they do not become in time finished. If the project is in the schedule, it copes sooner or later. If it is to become finished in former times, which is best to do, how one can reach an acceleration with the smallest costs. If these "critical" activities are promptly recognized, also promptly counter measures can be seized. The management can concentrate on the critical activities. Uncritical activities can be umgeplant, without affecting the entire project. The logical connections of a project from the beginning to the conclusion can be represented clearly. For all procedures of the project a schedule can be developed with the help of the critical path method. A critical path and resources bottlenecks, which can endanger the adherence to the completion date, can be identified easily. Network plans form the basis for the current project control and date monitoring. With the critical path method one differentiates according to four subtasks: Scheduling: Current values are assigned to procedures (capacity planning: Planning of necessary means of production. Basis for the expiration and scheduling can that. More generally expressed: "a procedure is an expiration element, which describes a certain happening. In the critical path method of "procedure" one speaks, in contrast to the terminology of the project management, which prefers the designation "work package" as planning unit. Procedures are sections of the course of project with the exceptional case of the waiting procedure take place usually however no expiration. With these dependence further down one deals in detail. Such a procedure possesses a substantial characteristic, its duration. Earliest start time (FAZ) (from forward planning) earliest end-time (FEZ) (from forward planning and respective duration) latest end-time (SEZ) (from Rueckwaertsplanung) latest start time (SAZ) (from Rueckwaertsplanung and respective duration) the float is a temporal clearance for the execution of a procedure, time reserves so mentioned. This clearance can be used by shift of the procedure and/or by extension (stretch) of the vorgangsdauer. From the data of several defaults afterwards four kinds of float can be determined in the network plan: a procedure is the time interval, which a procedure can be shifted in relation to its earliest beginning (and/or duration), without the project end to endanger a procedure is critical, if its total buffer is equal to 0. The free buffer is the time, which does not fruehest possible beginning and/or end of the successor endangered. (formally: All follow-up procedures can be accomplished in their earliest situation). It can develop only if at least two final procedures meet the same successor = temporal minimum distance between procedure i and procedure j = quantity of the successors of procedure i. it can develop only if any Vorlieger has at least two successors. The following calculation formula applies on the condition that all linkages between the procedures are i and i-1 of the kind EA=0. The use of the independent buffer has thus no effects on the situation of the predecessors and successors. The following calculation formula applies on the condition that all linkages between the procedures are i and i-1 of the kind EA=0. Of practical importance is primarily of the GP (for the critical way/path. It is determined in a network plan by that chain by single activities, which exhibits the longest duration in the sum. The activities, which lie on the critical path, determine the overall project duration and stand thereby special considering the direction of the project. All other activities can be shifted or extended in the context of their float temporally, without changing the overall project duration. Event: An event is occurring a defined condition in the expiration. An event does not have temporal expansion they to form the basis for milestone planning: Relationships mark logical dependence between events or procedures. With the sequence of two procedures A and B gives it to four possibilities: Kind of ending: B can be begun, as soon as A was terminated (I/O relationship or normal sequence). Starting start: B can be begun, as soon as A was begun (AA relationship or initial sequence). Starting one: B can be terminated, as soon as A was begun (AE relationship or jump sequence). End end: B can be terminated, as soon as A was terminated (EE relationship or final sequence). Expiration structure: The expiration structure of a network plan represented by the whole of the relationships working with network plans can be divided into: Draft as dismantling of the task of project in procedures or events with consideration of logical and causal connections. Time analysis in the form of an estimation/computation that procedure lasting (and/or a good estimation of the times is the secondarymost important, likewise difficult task. Project supervision by corrections at the network plan and monitoring of the project progress. With a comprehensive application also costing and resources analyses are possible. Afterwards the network plan is provided, whereby each procedure is noted graphically as small box (network plan knot). At defined positions a description becomes, as well as duration, earliest beginning, latest beginning, earliest end and latest end note. In addition fields for total buffers and free buffer are reserved. The individual small boxes per procedure are connected by arrows, which illustrate dependence between the procedures. Now one must calculate the floats. For this one begins with the earliest beginning of the first event and adds its duration. The result is at the same time the earliest end-time of the current procedure and the earliest beginning next by the client given latest Projektendes, as the latest end. The difference between earliest and latest beginning results in the total buffer. Subsequently, one can infer the following information from the example network plan shown here: The project is terminated after at the earliest six days. The critical way covers the procedures AA and CC. The procedure BB can be started also only after a float by two days, without endangering the project. There are different kinds and variants of network plans. The following kinds are differentiated from network plans: Method of the critical path (CPM). At the exits Wahrscheinichkeitswerte can be assigned to the resuming ways. With an event multipoint network plan events (conditions) as knots and temporal dependence are represented as arrows. Program evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) with a procedure multipoint network plan are represented procedures as knots, from the arrows are evident to arrangement and sequence relations (example: In this article or Abschnitt .fehlen the following important information:. You can help Wikipedia, by you her. In at present available critical path method programs the methods are mixed and very no longer relevant. As general application recommendation procedure arrow network plans, z. CPM, should be used if the project simple relationships, which must be changed rarely. CPM network plans are less suitable for costing and resource allocation. MPM, have the advantage that the procedure knots much different information can be assigned. A further advantage is that they can be changed relatively fast. Due to its relatively simple handling CPM and MPM are furthest common can with respect to the critical path method between expiration and scheduling be differentiated. Can briefly summarized be said: Network plans form an understandable, descriptive and meaningful representation of the entire course of project. They are fast detectably and easily updatable (if the project data are processed electronically). Critical procedures and bottlenecks are easily recognizable. With its production it is necessary to think the entire project out. A majority of the available. Network plans force to systematic thinking of the project connections out. Is a flexible information medium, in order to ensure the data exchange from direction of the project and the implementing, as well as set forward departments to. Ways out, where time reserves (buffers) are present, where they are missing and where acceleration measures are inevitable. Permit the safe scheduling of subprojects/work packages. Make possible the adequate controlling of the course of project regarding costs, capacities, for dates. The diagram, the network plan, is used for larger projects, smaller projects leaves themselves frequent in a representation derived from it, which) partially somewhat more user-friendly represents. Alternative ones to the critical path method would be the Gantt or evenly specified (an advancement of the Gantt technology). Network plan activities, which are subject to a very strong change process, are not controlable. That leads frequently to unrealistic plans and to it that the planner lags behind to the things. Method of the critical path (CPM) Program evaluation and Review Technique (PERT):Praxis the project planning with the critical path method, Dr. Signatur municipal library Duesseldorf: Hkc 54 Awni(deutsch). :"din standards in the project management", Beuth publishing house GmbH, selling number 16005 ("German") DIN 69900-1 "project economy. Critical path method. Terms ", edition 1987-08. DIN 69900 (draft)" project management - critical path method. ", draft standard, edition 2007-10. your text stands for descriptions and terms under that. Wikipedia® is a registered mark of the Wikimedia Foundation Inc..

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